Linux查看硬件信息命令
本文共 15696 字，大约阅读时间需要 52 分钟。
一、查看服务器硬件信息
（1）查看服务器型号、序列号
[root@Master ~]# dmidecode|grep "System Information" -A9|egrep "Manufacturer|Product|Serial"
（2）查看主板型号
[root@Master ~]# dmidecode |grep -A16 "System Information$"
（3）查看BIOS信息
[root@Master ~]# dmidecode -t bios# dmidecode 2.12SMBIOS 2.8 present.Handle 0x0008, DMI type 0, 24 bytesBIOS Information Vendor: HP Version: U19 Release Date: 12/27/2015 Address: 0xF0000 Runtime Size: 64 kB ROM Size: 16384 kB Characteristics: PCI is supported PNP is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed ESCD support is available Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported EDD is supported 5.25"/360 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) Print screen service is supported (int 5h) 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) Serial services are supported (int 14h) Printer services are supported (int 17h) CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported BIOS boot specification is supported Function key-initiated network boot is supported Targeted content distribution is supported UEFI is supported BIOS Revision: 2.0 Firmware Revision: 2.40
（3）查看内存槽及内存条
[root@Master ~]# dmidecode -t memory | head -45 | tail -23Memory Device Array Handle: 0x000A Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: PROC 1 DIMM 1 Bank Locator: Not Specified Type: DDR4 Type Detail: Synchronous Registered (Buffered) Speed: 2133 MHz Manufacturer: HP Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: 752369-081 Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 2133 MHz Minimum Voltage: 1.2 V Maximum Voltage: 1.2 V Configured Voltage: 1.2 V[root@Master ~]#
（4）查看网卡信息
[root@Master ~]# dmesg | grep -i Ethernetigb: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Driver - version 5.3.0-kigb 0000:04:00.0: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Connectionigb 0000:04:00.1: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Connectionigb 0000:04:00.2: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Connectionigb 0000:04:00.3: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Connectionigb 0000:02:00.0: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Connectionigb 0000:02:00.1: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Connection
（5） 查看pci信息，即主板所有硬件槽信息
[root@Master ~]# lspci | head -1000:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 DMI2 (rev 02)00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 02)00:01.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 02)00:02.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 02)00:02.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 02)00:02.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 02)00:02.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 02)00:03.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev 02)00:03.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev 02)00:03.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev 02)
二、查看CPU信息
（1）查看cpu型号
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c 40 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v3 @ 2.30GHz
（2）查看系统中实际物理CPU的数量（物理）
[root@Master ~]# grep 'physical id' /proc/cpuinfo | sort | uniq | wc -l2
（3）系统中实际物理CPU的数量（核数）
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep 'processor'|wc -l40
（4）查看每个物理CPU中core的个数(即核数)
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "cores"|uniq cpu cores : 10
（5）查看CPU的主频
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep MHz|uniq cpu MHz : 1200.000cpu MHz : 2300.000cpu MHz : 1200.000
（6）查看CPU的详细信息
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | head -20processor : 0 //逻辑处理器的IDvendor_id : GenuineIntelcpu family : 6model : 63model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v3 @ 2.30GHz //CPU型号stepping : 2microcode : 54cpu MHz : 1200.000cache size : 25600 KBphysical id : 0siblings : 20 //相同物理封装处理器中逻辑处理器数core id : 0cpu cores : 10 //相同物理封装处理器中的内核数apicid : 0initial apicid : 0fpu : yesfpu_exception : yescpuid level : 15wp : yesflags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc
（7）查看CPU的相关信息
[root@Master ~]# lscpuArchitecture: x86_64CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bitByte Order: Little EndianCPU(s): 40On-line CPU(s) list: 0-39Thread(s) per core: 2Core(s) per socket: 10Socket(s): 2NUMA node(s): 2Vendor ID: GenuineIntelCPU family: 6Model: 63Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v3 @ 2.30GHzStepping: 2CPU MHz: 1200.000BogoMIPS: 4594.43Virtualization: VT-xL1d cache: 32KL1i cache: 32KL2 cache: 256KL3 cache: 25600KNUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-9,20-29NUMA node1 CPU(s): 10-19,30-39[root@Master ~]#
（8）查看cpu运行模式
[root@Master ~]# getconf LONG_BIT64
（9）查看cpu是否支持64bit
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags | grep ' lm ' | wc -l40(结果大于0, 说明支持64bit计算. lm指long mode, 支持lm则是64bit)
三、查看内存信息
（1）查看内存硬件信息
root@Master ~]# dmidecode -t memory | head -45 | tail -24Handle 0x000C, DMI type 17, 40 bytesMemory Device Array Handle: 0x000A Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: PROC 1 DIMM 1 Bank Locator: Not Specified Type: DDR4 Type Detail: Synchronous Registered (Buffered) Speed: 2133 MHz Manufacturer: HP Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: 752369-081 Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 2133 MHz Minimum Voltage: 1.2 V Maximum Voltage: 1.2 V Configured Voltage: 1.2 V
（2）最大支持多少内存
[root@Master ~]# dmidecode|grep -P 'Maximum\s+Capacity'
（3）Linux 查看内存的插槽数,已经使用多少插槽.每条内存多大：
（4）Linux 查看内存的频率：
[root@Master ~]# dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep 'Speed'
（5）Linux 查看内存的详细信息：
[root@Master ~]# cat /proc/meminfo |head -20MemTotal: 131897620 kBMemFree: 414124 kBBuffers: 1040560 kBCached: 111083180 kBSwapCached: 1320 kBActive: 7637912 kBInactive: 110607108 kBActive(anon): 4406900 kBInactive(anon): 1714900 kBActive(file): 3231012 kBInactive(file): 108892208 kBUnevictable: 10878976 kBMlocked: 5521652 kBSwapTotal: 16777212 kBSwapFree: 16737536 kBDirty: 180 kBWriteback: 0 kBAnonPages: 16999324 kBMapped: 149020 kBShmem: 172 kB
（6）Linux 查看内存的使用情况
[root@Master ~]# free -m // -b,-k,-m,-g show output in bytes, KB, MB, or GB total used free shared buffers cachedMem: 128806 123407 5398 0 1015 103474-/+ buffers/cache: 18918 109888Swap: 16383 38 16345
四、查看硬盘信息
（1）查看挂接的分区状态 [root@Master ~]# fdisk -l |grep Disk
（2）查看硬盘和分区分布
[root@Master ~]# lsblkNAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsda 8:0 0 279.4G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 50M 0 part /boot├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /home├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part ├─sda5 8:5 0 16G 0 part [SWAP]├─sda6 8:6 0 13.3G 0 part /tmp└─sda7 8:7 0 100G 0 part /usrsdb 8:16 0 83.7T 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 83.7T 0 part /PureDisk
（3）查看硬盘和分区的详细信息
[root@Master ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 300.0 GB, 299966445568 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36468 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000384d9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 7 51200 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 7 13061 104857600 83 Linux/dev/sda3 13061 19588 52428800 83 Linux/dev/sda4 19588 36469 135597056 5 Extended/dev/sda5 19588 21677 16777216 82 Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sda6 21677 23415 13962240 83 Linux/dev/sda7 23416 36469 104854528 83 LinuxWARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.Disk /dev/sdb: 92017.3 GB, 92017310654464 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11187134 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 6029312 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPTPartition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
（4）查看挂接的分区状态
[root@Master ~]# mount | column -t/dev/sda2 on / type ext4 (rw)proc on /proc type proc (rw)sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)/dev/sda3 on /home type ext4 (rw)/dev/sda6 on /tmp type ext4 (rw)/dev/sda7 on /usr type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb1 on /PureDisk type ext4 (rw)none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw
（5）查看挂接的分区状态
[root@Master ~]# swapon -s Filename Type Size Used Priority/dev/sda5 partition 16777212 39676 -1
（6）查看硬盘使用情况
[root@Master ~]# df -hTFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2 ext4 99G 561M 93G 1% /tmpfs tmpfs 63G 76K 63G 1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 ext4 45M 38M 4.9M 89% /boot/dev/sda3 ext4 50G 52M 47G 1% /home/dev/sda6 ext4 13G 34M 13G 1% /tmp/dev/sda7 ext4 99G 21G 73G 23% /usr/dev/sdb1 ext4 84T 41T 40T 51% /PureDisk
（7） 硬盘检测命令smartctl
[root@Master ~]# smartctl -a /dev/sdasmartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [x86_64-linux-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.netVendor: HP Product: LOGICAL VOLUME Revision: 3.56User Capacity: 299,966,445,568 bytes [299 GB]Logical block size: 512 bytesLogical Unit id: 0x600508b1001cc8a1b9ec4dacc5ab35dcSerial number: PDNNK0BRH9U0AG Device type: diskLocal Time is: Mon Feb 5 13:13:33 2018 CSTDevice supports SMART and is EnabledTemperature Warning Disabled or Not SupportedSMART Health Status: OKError Counter logging not supportedDevice does not support Self Test logging
五、查看网卡信息
（1)查看网卡硬件信息
[root@Master ~]# lspci | grep -i 'eth'
(2)查看系统的所有网络接口
[root@Master ~]# ifconfig -a[root@Master ~]# ip link show
(3)查看某个网络接口的详细信息，例如eth0的详细参数和指标
[root@Master ~]# ethtool eth0Settings for eth0: Supported ports: [ FIBRE ] Supported link modes: 10000baseT/Full Supported pause frame use: No Supports auto-negotiation: No Advertised link modes: 10000baseT/Full Advertised pause frame use: No Advertised auto-negotiation: No Speed: 10000Mb/s Duplex: Full Port: FIBRE PHYAD: 0 Transceiver: external Auto-negotiation: off Supports Wake-on: d Wake-on: d Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) drv probe link Link detected: yes
(4)查看所有网卡的链路状态
[root@Master ~]# for i in `seq 0 9`;do ethtool eth${i} | egrep 'eth|Link';doneSettings for eth0: Link detected: yes Settings for eth1: Link detected: yesSettings for eth2: Link detected: noSettings for eth3: Link detected: noSettings for eth4: Link detected: noSettings for eth5: Link detected: noSettings for eth6: Link detected: noSettings for eth7: Link detected: noSettings for eth8: Link detected: noSettings for eth9: Link detected: no
六、列出所有PCI设备信息
[root@Master ~]# lspci -tv | more-+-[0000:ff]-+-08.0 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 QPI Link 0 | +-08.3 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 QPI Link 0 | +-09.0 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 QPI Link 1 | +-09.3 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 QPI Link 1 | +-0b.0 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 R3 QPI Link 0 & 1 Monitoring | +-0b.1 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 R3 QPI Link 0 & 1 Monitoring | +-0b.2 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 R3 QPI Link 0 & 1 Monitoring | +-0c.0 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.1 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.2 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.3 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.4 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.5 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.6 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0c.7 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0d.0 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0d.1 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Unicast Registers | +-0f.0 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Buffered Ring Agent | +-0f.1 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Buffered Ring Agent | +-0f.2 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Buffered Ring Agent | +-0f.3 Intel Corporation Xeon E7 v3/Xeon E5 v3/Core i7 Buffered Ring Agent
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